Showing posts with label drug store. Show all posts
Showing posts with label drug store. Show all posts

Thursday, June 16, 2011

Chlamydia Screening and CDC Treatment Recommendations

Chlamydia Screening Recommendations

During routine health care contacts, assess for infection with chlamydia women who:

are sexually active and 25 years of age or younger,

have new or multiple sexual partners, regardless of age,

have a history of sexually transmitted disease within the last year, regardless of age,

have partners who have had multiple partners within the last year, regardless of age.
Test all pregnant women at least once, regardless of age, including those who plan to terminate the pregnancy.

Re-screen all women who tested positive, especially adolescents, 3-4 months after treatment due to the high incidence of re-infection.

Note: The above recommendations are general guidelines based on national statistics. The prevalence of chlamydia in the immediate geographical area may warrant more or less aggressive screening activities and resources


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Monday, November 5, 2007

Chlamydia Symptoms - Treatment

C. trachomatis infection can be effectively cured with antibiotics once it is detected. Current Centers for Disease Control guidelines provide for the following treatments:


Doxycycline Hyclate (Vibramycin)  is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group and is commonly used to treat a variety of infections. Doxycycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline invented and clinically developed in the early 1960s by Pfizer, Inc. and marketed under the brand name Vibramycin. Vibramycin received FDA approval in 1967, becoming Pfizer's first once-a-day broad-spectrum antibiotic. Other brand names include Monodox, Vibramycin, Periostat, Vibra-Tabs, Doryx, Vibrox, Adoxa®, Doxyhexal and Atridox (topical doxycycline hyclate for Periodontitis).
  • Tetracycline - 250 milligram three times daily for 2 weeks.
Tetracycline (Sumycin) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces bacterium, indicated for use against many bacterial infections. It is commonly used to treat acne and now used to treat chlamydia and other infections. It is sold under the brand names SumycinTerramycinTetracyn, and Panmycin, among others. Actisite is a thread-like fiber form, used in dental applications. It is also used to produce several semi-synthetic derivatives, which together are known as the Tetracycline antibiotics group.
  • Erythromycin - 500 milligram two times daily for 3 to 4 weeks. *Most recommended
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin, and is often used for people who have an allergy to penicillins. For respiratory tract infections, it has better coverage of atypical organisms, including mycoplasma and Legionellosis. It is also used to treat outbreaks of chlamydia, syphilis, acne, and gonorrhea. Structurally, this macrocyclic compound contains a 14-membered lactone ring with ten asymmetric centers and two sugars (L-cladinose and D-desoamine), making it a compound very difficult to produce via synthetic methods.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is an antibiotic in a group of drugs called fluoroquinolones (flor-o-KWIN-o-lones). It is used to fight bacteria in the body. Ciprofloxacin is used to treat different types of bacterial infections. It may also be used to prevent or slow anthrax after exposure. You should not use ciprofloxacin if you are taking tizanidine (Zanaflex), if you have a history of myasthenia gravis, or if you are allergic to ciprofloxacin (Cipro) or similar antibiotics such as gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and others.
  • Ofloxacin - 200 milligram three times daily for 2 weeks.
Ofloxacin (Floxin) is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. It belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics which includes levofloxacin (Levaquin), ciprofloxacin (Cipro), gatifloxacin (Tequin), norfloxacin (Noroxin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), trovafloxacin (Trovan) and others. Ofloxacin (Floxin) stops the multiplication of bacteria by inhibiting the reproduction and repair of their genetic material (DNA). The FDA approved ofloxacin in December 1990.
  • Azithromycin - 250 milligram three times daily for 2 weeks.
Azithromycin (Zithromax) is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic chemically related to erythromycin and clarithromycin (Biaxin). It is effective against a wide variety of bacteria such as Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, mycobacterium avium, and many others. Azithromycin, like all macrolide antibiotics, prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their ability to make proteins. Due to the differences in the way proteins are made in bacteria and humans, the macrolide antibiotics do not interfere with production of proteins in humans. It is an unusual antibiotic in that it stays in the body for quite a while (has a long half-life), allowing for once a day dosing and for shorter treatment courses for most infections. The FDA approved azithromycin in November 1991.

These were prescribed according to the content of the medicine and for accuracy you need to follow the prescription above. Please note that after the prescription date you need to take 1 tab every day for maintenance for 3 to 6 months and/or until needed.

Overview of Chlamydia trachomatis and the Disease.


The Chlamydia is a Bacterial; from the chlamydia trachomatis strain which lives in vaginal fluid and semen. It can transmit mainly through vaginal and anal sex; although it is much less common, it can also be passed on via oral sex and hand to eye contact.
Antibiotics are used to cure the infection. The most common ones include Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Zithromycin, Ciproflaxacin and Floxacin. Depending on the type you are prescribed, the course of treatment can last from one to seven days. To ensure proper treatment, make sure you finish all your medication and refrain from having sex until your have finished treatment and tests have shown the infection to be gone. It is important to be treated as soon as possible. While the infection can be cleared up, any damage it may have done prior to treatment cannot be undone.f left untreated, the infection can move further into the body. In women, chlamydia can affect the cervix, fallopian tubes and urine canal and can lead to pelvic inflammtory disease (PID). PID can increase your risk of an ectopic preganancy, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. Men who postpone seeking treatment may find themselves with a case of epididymitis, an inflammation of the epididymus in the testicles, which can lead to sterility. The bacteria can also cause irritation and bleeding in the rectum, cause an infection of the eye and lead to an infection of the throat if chlamydia transmission occurred through oral sex. 

Consequences in Infants
Chlamydia in women during pregnancy can cause bleeding before delivery as well as premature labor. During childbirth, it can lead to the infant being exposed to the bacteria in the birth canal. This can lead to an eye infection that develops within 10 days of birth. Symptoms of the infection include discharge and swollen eyelids; complications of the infection include blindness. It is also possible for the infant to develop chlamydia pneumonia, which develops three to six weeks after birth. Symptoms of chlamydia pneumonia include congestion and a cough that worsens. Chlamydia may also be linked to an increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirth and low birth weight. 


Risk Factors
People who have multiple sex partners, or whose partners have multiple sex partners; who do not use condoms during vaginal, anal or oral sex; have a history of sexually transmitted diseases; and are under the age of 25 are at an increased risk of being infected with chlamydia. Additionally, according to some studies, women who use the birth control pill may have an increased risk of chlamydia. However, their risk of developing PID is lower. 


Prevention
The best way to avoid being infected with chlamydia is to abstain from vaginal, anal and oral sex or to be involved in a long-term, monogamous relationship with someone who has been tested free of any STDs. You can reduce your risk by correctly using latex condoms every time you have sex, although this will not completely eliminate the risk of infection. Additionally, all people, especially women, under the age of 25 should go for yearly chlamydia testing. Pregnant women should also be tested for chlamydia. 


Research
Researchers are currently working on developing a vaccine for chlamydia as well as better diagnostic and treatment measures. There is also some exploration into the possibility of a topical microbicide that is applied to the vagina, which would help prevent transmission of chlamydia.
Chlamydia Trachomatis can cause the following conditions:
  • Cervicitis
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
  • Lynphogranuloma venereum
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Pneumonia in infants
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Urethritis
  • Rectal infection / proctitis
  • Prostatitis